I can't answer all this but generally I've found Form 1116 is a pain and you have to go into Forms mode between Form 1116 and the 1099-DIV and clean up the country allocation and the linkage between the forms and some missing info on 1116 worksheets.
Sounds like you want to do the credit on Form 1116 which needs (b) thru (d) in your list.
TT will set up a Form 1116 ("copy 1") but you have to tell it what country(ies) the Form relates to in which column, and then link the 1099-DIV to that form 1116 copy and that column for that country, and provide the related foreign source income for that country/column. It never all flows automatically for me and I've gotten used to jumping around to fix it up - but start with anything in EasyStep then go to the 1099-DIV form to fill in (b) thru (d) in your list, then go to Form 1116 to clean up anything missing, usually highlighted.
If it's a mutual fund across lots of countries you'd probably be using Various. I am not sure the guidance on country breakdown vs. Various and whether it makes a material difference. I've only have a couple of countries from equities and seem to get the same outcome either way. You'd probably just follow what your CPA did before if it's the same type of situation each year.
There is also a checkbox you need to click whether the taxes were accrued or paid, you'll see red "!" mark next to the Form 1116 worksheet etc that need to be cleared (and fill in the country again).
You'll probably also need to plug in your carryover info somehow.
Not a CPA/Expert and not a complete answer but hopefully others who are will chime in, meanwhile this gives you the gist of what to do in TT.
