The qualified business income deduction (QBI) comes from business income that may be reported on line 3 of schedule 1, but may also include income reported on schedule E from an interest you may have in other businesses (line 5 of schedule 1) or from farm income reported on line 6. It may also be affected by certain types of dividend income. It would not necessarily come from line 10 of Schedule 1 as that may include non-business income amounts.
The best way to see where it is coming from is to look on Form 8995 QBI Deduction Simplified Computation. The QBI deduction may factor in reductions from retirement plan contributions as well as capital gain income and other things, so you may not be able to simply take your net business income times 20% to arrive at the QBI deduction amount.
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