I ended up doing a live chat again with a TurboTax representative and she helped me quite a bit.
Honestly, when I first started entering my taxes, I don't believe the CO FAMLI category was in there for the state taxes, but the rep helped me get back to that and I entered it, which increased the tax return, so I do think that was the hang-up for the state return being lower than it should have.
As for the 1099-G, she advised me to uncheck the box on the top of the "check error" page, which did not uncheck the box in the actual form review page. I asked her if that would be a problem, and she said no. I was not originally confident in unchecking this box on my own, but she was the first one who actually advised me to do it, so I did. That pushed the return through to e-file, and my return was accepted the same day.
I still think there is an issue with the software and we should not have to figure out workarounds, but unchecking the box at the top of the check error page let me move forward.
