The only way to handle the exemption for Social Security benefits in TurboTax for 2022 and earlier is to not enter the box 5 amount from your SSA-1099.
If you are filing an amended return for 2022 or earlier, in the explanation of changes you should state what country you lived in for the year. It is now too late to get a refund for 2020 or earlier. To get a refund for 2021 the amended return must be filed no later than April 15, 2025.
The 8 countries where the exemption applies are Canada, Egypt, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Romania, United Kingdom, and Italy (only if your are also a citizen of Italy).
