It is possible that your stock was statutorily non-qualified stock, in which case the discount would be reported in the year the stock was acquired, but more typically it would be incentive stock which would be qualifying since you held it for more than two years.
You would have to look on your W-2 to see if the discount was included in your wages reported in box 1. TurboTax would not have sufficient information to determine that, as there may not be a definitive entry on your W-2 form indicating if there was ESPP discount included. One indication would be that your box 1 wages would be more than your box 3 (social security) wages, since the discount would not be subject to social security tax, so those wages would be less than your normal wages reported in box 1.
As a practical matter, since you sold the stock more than two years from when you acquired it, it would typically get qualified employee stock treatment because of the long holding period. If this was the case, the discount would be reported on your W-2 form in box 1 in the year you sold the stock as opposed to the year you purchased it. If you received a W-2 form from your previous employer in 2023, that would be definitive evidence that the discount was reported in 2023.
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