MA treats you as a resident if you spent more than 183 days there. The residency rules for CA are more complex, but if you spend more than nine months a year there, you are presumatively a resident.
If you spend less than 183 days a year in MA, you are required to file a part-year resident return. It is probably simpler in either case to file one resident return (CA if you spend more than 183 days there, MA otherwise) and one non-resident return.
I know this doesn't answer your question directly, but may give you guidance on how to answer the CA questions about dates entering and leaving the state.
