A household, for purposes of determining eligibility for premium tax credits, includes any individuals whom you list on the federal tax form. That includes yourself, your spouse, and dependents. Dependents include children who meet certain requirements:
- U.S. citizen or resident of the U.S, Mexico or Canada
- Live with you for more than half the year
- Under age 19 at the end of the year (or under age 24 if a full-time student); a child is considered to live with the taxpayer while he or she is temporarily away from home due to education, illness, business, vacation or military service.
- Doesn’t provide more than 50% of his or her own support
If your daughter is 24 or older, she could only be your dependent if she meets the gross income test; for 2023, she would have to have earned no more than $4,700 to qualify.
Your son could be a dependent if he is considered fully disabled, but he has SSDi and Medicare/Medicaid and you don't have to claim him as a dependent.
If you don't claim your adult children as dependents, then they won't be part of your "tax household" for purposes of calculating the Premium Tax Credit.
Therefore:
1 - Yes, you can remove your son from your tax return. If the situation changes, you can claim him in the future if he qualifies as a dependent.
2 - See this TurboTax help article regarding your daughter's situation. Choose the scenario that applies as to whether and how to enter 1095-A information on her return. If she is your dependent, and has so indicated on her return, TurboTax will advise "Since someone is claiming you on their 2023 taxes, you don't have to complete Health Insurance".
See also this IRS article for more information about the Premium Tax Credit.
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