Hello SamC123!
Thanks for joining us for the event today, and for these great questions!
You can contribute to your HSA using other (non-employment, rental etc.) income, or even your regular savings account. Contributions you make on your own outside of your employer are eligible for the HSA deduction on your federal return, and potentially your state return as well.
TurboTax will ask you about the contributions you personally (not through the employer) made so that you can take that deduction - just keep track of them to report them properly! They'll also be reported to you on a Form 5498-SA, but that won't separate the contributions made though payroll versus your personal contributions.
Keep in mind you do need to continue to be covered under a high deductible health plan in order to be eligible to contribute to an HSA, and there are maximum contribution limits each year. Your plan should specify whether it is a high deductible health plan. The maximum contributions limits (most you can put in) are $3,850 if the plan only covers you, or $7,750 if it is a family plan.
If you withdraw from an HSA to pay for qualified medical expenses, your withdrawal will be tax free on your federal return. State laws may differ.
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