underpayment penalty

in 2022 my federal tax due was 4100$, I had paid more withheld and actually received a refund

Now in 2023, I am doing a Roth conversion which will result in 18k taxes due

I had about 7k taxes withheld on pension payments throughout 2023

If I don't pay any taxes until filing return in 2024, will I have a penalty?

I believe that since I paid more taxes in 2023 as I owed in 2022, a penalty does not apply, even so the taxes due will be significant (18k) ?

 

I am also filing NY state taxes, what are the rules in NY for penalties?