for federal income tax purposes to avoid an estimated tax penalty
a) by 4/15/2022 you had to pay in 22.5% of your 2022 tax liability or 25% of your 2021 tax liability (27.5% if your AGI for 2021 was over $150K
b) by 6/15/2022 you had to pat in 45% of your 2022 tax liability or 50% of your 2021tax liability (55% if your AGI for 2021 was over $150K
c) by 9/15/2022 you had to pay in 67.5% of your 2022 tax liability or 75% of your 2021 tax liability (82.5% if your AGI for 2021 was over $150K
d) by 1/15/2023 you had to pay in 90% of your 2022 tax liability or 100% of your 2021 tax liability 110% if your AGI for 2021 was over $150K
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same 90/100/110% rules for Californians
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put another way
There will be no federal penalties for not paying in enough taxes during the year if withholding
1) and timely estimated tax payments equal or exceed 90% of your 2022 tax or
2) and timely estimated tax payments equal or exceed 100% of your 2021 tax (110% if your 2021 adjusted gross income was more than $150K) or
3) the balance due after subtracting taxes withheld from 90% of your 2022 tax is less than $1,000 or
the lower of 1 or 2 is your required annual income tax payments. 1 is difficult to know until the year end so generally option 2 is the safer option. under the simplified method 25% of the estimate taxes must be paid in each quarter by 4/15, 6/15, 9/15 and 1/15/23. unless you can show otherwise 25% of you annual withholding is assumed to occur in each quarter.
failing this and being subject to penalties you can use the annualized installment (AI method) income method.
this method requires knowing your income and deductions thru 3/31, then 5/31, then 8/31, and finally year end which should be the same as the tax return. the income is annualized. taxes are computed on the annualized income and then de- annualized. your tax payments for each period must equal or exceed these amounts to avoid penalties.
the AI method probably won't help because the taxable portion of the gain occurred early in the year.
