No, you cannot deduct expenses incurred before the property was available for rental. When your daughter lived in the property rent free, that's not a rental. Only deductions allowed would be mortgage interest and property taxes paid, if you itemized.
The huge renovation expenses after she moved out could be capitalized and depreciated as "improvements" over 27½ years under MACRS.
Here are a couple of IRS publications that you may find useful:
https://www.irs.gov/publications/p527
https://www.irs.gov/publications/p946
