No standard deduction

From Jan to November I legally worked for 11 months in the US for US company, and 1 month in Slovakia for slovakian company (as non resident). I read I need to fill out both 1040 and 1040NR as a single taxpayer. I made $40k in the US as a resident. If I can't claim standard deduction, and don't have any medical bills, loans, house etc. will I end up paying more tax that usual if my foreign income is only $800? All other years as a resident working only in the US I got some tax back (around $500). Will the lack of standard deduction negatively impact my tax filling? Thank you