Form 2210 does not get filed unless a box is checked in Part II. Like you, TurboTax calculated a penalty on Line 38 of my 2022 1040, and added the penalty amount in on Line 37. I completed Form 2210 myself to see how the penalty was calculated. It's a little cumbersome, but I came within $1 of the penalty amount on Line 38. When I added two days to the date that I entered to pay my 2022 taxes, I matched the penalty amount exactly. So, TurboTax must add two business days for the time that it takes for the ACH payment to post to the IRS.
In my case, I received no notice from TurboTax while completing my 2022 federal taxes online that I had a penalty. I couldn't see the penalty on Line 38 until I was done and had downloaded my return.
