Take tax year 2022 as an example:
"For 2022, the self-only HSA contribution limit is $3,650, and the family contribution limit is $7,300. "
I have an individual plan and my wife has a family plan covering herself + kids. Both plans are high deductible. We have two separate HSA accounts.
What is the our contribution limit? My understanding is it's $3,650 for me and $7,300 - $3,650 = $3,650 for her. Within that limit, we can also do $x for me (where 0 <= x <= 3,650) and she can contribute $7,300 - $x.
However I can't contribute $4,000 (exceeding the individual plan limit).
Is my above understanding correct?
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Follow-up:
I have just noticed something weird in TurboTax. Even if I answered "I was covered by individual plan every month" and my wife as "I was covered by a family plan every month", Turbotax automatically checked "family" for Form 8889 box 1 (Check the box to indicate your coverage under a high-deductible health plan (HDHP) during 2022.) for both of us (see pictures below). I have already contributed $4,000 for 2022 but TurboTax calculate it as two family coverage and didn't say I need to take out the excess contribution. I do not know if this is a software bug or an exception in IRS rules.
Follow-up 2:
I did another experiment -- If I change my wife's coverage to "I was covered by self plan every month" too, then Turbox tax says I will need to take out the excessive contribution ($4,000 - $3,650), same as the people answered below.
So I am very confused why Turbotax acts in that way, seems it treats self + family coverage same as two family coverages.
