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@LP1968 - let me try and make it simpler: 

 

the child has to file an income tax return if his total income exceeds the standard deduction.

 

For your dependent children, the 2022 standard deduction is  greaterof $1,150 or his earned income plus $400, but not to exceed the normal standard deduction ($12,950)

 

For 2023, the standard deduction is greater of  $1,250 or his earned income plus $400. but not to exceed the normal standard deduction of $13,850.

 

<<In case, the kiddie income exceeds $11000, the kid has to file its own tax return even if it only has unearned income. >>  

 

not necessarily. If earned income is $11500 and unearned income is $399, there is no filing requirement 

 

take a look at this article - well written - it has 2021 numbers, but just insert 2022 / 2023 numbers in its place. 

 

https://www.savingforcollege.com/article/what-is-the-kiddie-tax#:~:text=For%202022%2C%20the%20first%....