Why did my taxes go UP after I identified my self employment income as being foreign-derived earned income which is excludable?

 

Deductions & credits

You may be able to exclude the SE income from federal taxes but you will still owe SE taxes on the profits. 

Deductions & credits

And by removing the income you may have lost some or all of the credits that was paying off the SE taxes ... I suggest you look at the form 1040 before and after that change to see exactly what actually happened.