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Only a qualifying child will qualify for the Earned Income Credit. So, if you one dependent who is 19 and no longer a student, they would no longer be considered a qualifying child, therefore, they would not longer be eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit on your return. If they are 19 and in school or totally and permanently disabled, then would still qualify.
Are you sure it is saying that only one qualifies for earned income credit, or does it say that only one qualifies for child tax credit? Did one of the dependents turn 17 in 2025? You lose the child tax credit when they turn 17, and instead you get the non-refundable $500 credit for other dependents.
Make sure you have entered your child as a dependent in My Info, and that you have entered the child's Social Security number. Careful— do not say that your child’s SSN is not valid for employment. If your child was born in 2025 make sure you said he lived with you the whole year. There is an oddly worded question that asks if the child paid over half their own support. Say NO to that question.
If your dependent was a full-time college student, make sure you were careful on the MY INFO screen for “Uncommon situations” and that you indicated there that they were a student.
Have you entered income from working in 2025? If not, you will not receive an income tax refund based on having dependent children.
The maximum amount of the child tax credit is now $2200 per child; the refundable “additional child tax credit” amount is $1700. In order to get that credit, you have to have income from working.
Take the amount you earned from working. Subtract $2500. Multiply the rest by 15%. That is the additional child tax credit per child that you canget—- up to the maximum of $1700 per child. If the amount you earned from working was low, you will not get the full $1700 per child.
If your child is older than 16 at the end of 2025, you do not get the CTC. But you may still get the non-refundable $500 credit for other dependents instead.
And for the Earned Income Credit—-
https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/individuals/earned-income-tax-credit/use-the-eitc-assistant
https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p596.pdf
Look at your 2025 Form 1040 to see the child-related credits you received
PREVIEW 1040
Child Tax Credit line 19
Credit for Other Dependents line 19
Earned Income Credit line 27
Additional Child Tax Credit line 28
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