If I claim a young adult as a dependent on my taxes and receive a credit.. Will that same young adult be able to file their own taxes and get a refund?

[Andrew2016]

No, if you claim them as a dependent, you would submit their W-2 on your tax form. If they answer the question, "Can someone claim you as a dependent?" as 'Yes'; Turbo would tell them to submit their income on your return. I found this out last year.

[Critter-3]

@Andrew2016 

Incorrect ... you NEVER put a dependent's W-2 on the parent's return ... it must go on the dependent's return if they either are required to file or they file (as a dependent) just to get back any fed/state withholding they are eligible for.   Only the dependent's interest, dividends & cap gains on a 1099-DIV can be elected to be reported on the parent's return to avoid having to  file a child's return (which is usually not advantageous). 

See also these TurboTax Helps.

Who Can I Claim as a Tax Dependent?

Can I claim my relative or friend as my dependent?

You may also want to view IRS Publication 501.

Dependents, Standard Deduction, and Filing Information

[JulieS]

It depends on the child's income and the amount of tax withheld. 

You should consider who paid more than half of the child's support during the year. If that person is you, then you should claim them as a dependent. 

Depending on the type and amount of their income, they may need to file their own tax return. If you claim them as a dependent, be sure to check the box to indicate that they are claimed on another's tax return. The dependent will have a lower standard deduction, but they may still get a refund. 

In some cases, you can claim your child's investment income on the parent's return, but you do not claim wages or other income on the parent's return. Click here for more information.

[Critter-3]

@Andrew2016 

If you did put the child's income on your return then you can amend your return to fix the error.  And also file the child's return for their proper refund.   At no time did the program tell you to put their W-2 income on your return ... in fact in the W-2 input section there is only the indicator for the taxpayer or spouse ... it you could also put the child's income there then there would be an option for it in the interview.