I'm an Indian Citizen and worked here for 6 months and I was laid off. I wanted to go back to my country. Can I file tax returns now and get my amount back ?

[NCperson]

For 2023 calendar year, the IRS will not begin to accept tax returns until late January.  the tax forms are not yet avaialble and you would need the W-2 which your ex-employer will not send out until late January, 2024 in any event.  

so you can't file your 2023 tax return at this time.

[Opus 17]

You are going to want to keep a US bank account open to receive your refund, so you don't have to deal with having the IRS mailing a check to India and then needing to find a place to cash a $USD check.