I got an email saying my federal taxes had been accepted and all I needed to do was pay. But I thought I when I e filed. How can check?

[SteamTrain]

Print/Save your your tax return to a PDF file and look for the "Electronic Filing Instructions" in  the Federal  section of the PDF file.(and State too if needed )

You can check your Debit instructions on each one separately to make sure they were properly formatted (routing/account/date) . 

Each one is separate (if you owed for both), and they should look like the ones below: