Hello!
I am a 23 year old graduate student who lives full-time in the city where my school is. I do not return to live in my parent's home on breaks from school, and am registered to vote here, pay utilities here, have a vehicle registered here, etc.. Over >50% of my expenses are paid for by loans and scholarships (aka both me and my parents pay <50% of my expenses) and I am filing single. Am I still considered a dependent of my parents when filing my return? Thanks!
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No, If you do not return home at school close, and you have your own residence, you should not be claimed as a dependent by your parents.
Qualifying child as dependent
1) is your absence from your parent's home temporary (you intend to return) - no you do not meet the residency test to be their dependent. yes you do meet the test
2) support - scholarships are ignored for the support test. so if you provide over 50% of your support you are not a qualifying child, if you don't you would be a qualifying child for this test
if you are not a qualifying child based on the above you could be a dependent under the qualifying relative rules
1) you are not a qualifying relative if you provide over 50% of your support or
2) you are not a qualifying relative if your non-tax-exempt income (ie taxable income ) is $5,050 oer more
if you want you can use this page to check on the support issue
https://apps.irs.gov/app/vita/content/globalmedia/teacher/worksheet_for_determining_support_4012.pdf
One more thing if you are not a dependent make sure you contact your parents not to claim you. if they file before you and claim you even if not qualified you'll be blocked from e-filing. if you are not a dependent and file first, if they claim you, they will be blocked from e-filing
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