I replaced roof shingles on a rental property, should it be sec 179 deduction or amortized over 27.5 years. The roof shingles will only last 15 years or so. Thanks!

[Bsch4477]

The roof expense must be depreciated over 27.5 years. 

[Opus 17]

There is a separate safe harbor for improvements that applies to small landlords, that would allow you to deduct the cost all at once, it is limited to items that cost 2% or less of the building's value or $10,000.  So that probably doesn't help you either.

https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/tangible-property-final-regulations#Wh...

Note that if you depreciate over 27.5 years but the shingles need to be replaced again earlier, the remaining depreciation can be claimed at that time.  (i.e. if the roof becomes unserviceable and needs to be replaced after 15 years, you can deduct the remains 12.5 years of depreciation then.  If the roof lasts 20 years, you deduct the remaining 7.5 year when you replace it.  And so on.)

[user17581220784]

Thanks for your reply and I have read the article you linked for safe harbor.  The cost of roof shingles replacement in 2023 was $4500 and it was less than 2% of the property value.  I am a small landlord.  How should I claim the deduction if it was claimed erroneously claimed at a 27.5 year amortization in my 2023 return?   TIA!

[Opus 17]

If you qualify for the safe harbor, probably you need to amend your 2023 return to report the cost as an expense rather than as an asset, then amend your 2024 return to remove that year's depreciation.  There is a special form for correcting mistakes with depreciation, but the form is complicated and usually requires an accountant, and is not applicable in all cases (and I am admittedly unclear on when the form can and can't be used).  So amending will be easier since it is only 2 years. 

[AmeliesUncle]

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@user17581220784 wrote:

 How should I claim the deduction if it was claimed erroneously claimed at a 27.5 year amortization in my 2023 return?   TIA!

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You don't.  The election for the Safe Harbor for Small Taxpayers must be on an original, timely filed return.  It is too late to make that election now.