can I claim all medical expenses and are they all taken from my total income

[bbarty52]

why wouldn't my medical expenses be deducted dollar for dollar

[MelindaS1]

First, you can only deduct medical expenses if you're itemizing your deductions using Schedule A, that is, if your total itemized deductions are higher in sum than your standard deduction for the year. For most taxpayers, taking standard is a better deal than using itemized. See: TurboTax - What's my standard deduction for 2025? 

Second, medical expenses are subject to a minimum floor amount, 7.5% of your adjusted gross income: 

How much of my medical expenses can I deduct?

While you can deduct some of your medical expenses to reduce your taxable income, there are rules to keep in mind.
Whether you’re deducting your health insurance premiums or expensive hospital bills, you can deduct any medical expenses that exceed 7.5% of your adjusted gross income (AGI). This means that you can’t deduct any medical expenses if your total medical expenses don’t exceed 7.5% of your AGI.

^ TurboTax Blog - What Medical Expenses are Tax Deductible?

See also: IRS - Topic no. 502, Medical and dental expenses

[VolvoGirl]

You can only deduct the amount of unreimbursed Medical Expenses and Insurance you actually paid over 7.5% of your AGI.  And then all your itemized deductions have to be more than the standard deduction to get any benefit (so you would only be getting the benefit of the amount that puts you over the standard deduction).

For 2025 the standard deduction amounts are:

Single 15,750 + 2,000 for 65 and over or blind (17,750)

HOH 23,625 + 2,000 for 65 and over or blind

Joint 31,500 +  1,600 for each 65 and over or blind (both 34,700)

Married filing Separate 15,750+ 1,600 for 65 and over or blind

[Mike9241]

another limitation is medical expenses paid through an HSA, reimbursed under an FSA, and any medical expenses reimbursed by any other means such as insurance.