do I need to pay MO tax if I reside in TX and earn money in TX but my spouse works in MO and resides in TX as well?

[JamesG1]

No, but your spouse may be liable for income earned in Missouri.  

Some states use an adjusted gross income method to compute part-year / nonresident state income tax returns.  So, even if your income is not taxed by the other state, your income may be counted in the adjusted gross income.

In TurboTax, in the Missouri nonresident state income tax return, at the screen Income Ratio - Part-year and Nonresident Filers, it states:

Missouri used the information you just gave us to calculate your income ratio.  Tax is first calculated on your Adjusted Gross Missouri Income.  Then the ratio is applied to calculate the tax assessed on your return.  

[mesquitebean]

If the spouse happens to work in Kansas City, MO or St. Louis, there is also a local income tax called a city "earnings tax."