If you chose to have the payment directly debited when you completed your return in Turbo Tax, they will be paid on the payment date you specified as long as the return was accepted. Allow 48 hours for processing and 72 hours during peak.  If you did not select a date, it will be defaulted to the filing deadline (April 18, 2017).

As long as you filed your return on or before April 18, 2017 and you selected April 18, 2017 (or earlier) as your payment date, you won't get penalized for late payment.

If you still don't see the debit 7-10 days after your return has been accepted, call IRS e-file Payment Services at 1-888-353-4537.
You can also make IRS payments by logging onto their website- www.irs.gov/payments.