When you don't file a tax return, the state creates a substitute tax return in their computer system based on your wage and income data that they get from employers, the IRS, and other sources. But, they may not give you credit for deductions and credits, so the tax they think you owe may be more than what you really owe. Then, if your W-2 withholdings are not enough the cover the tax bill, they will eventually find some way to take it from you.
If you file tax returns now, you will calculate your actual tax owed for those years. If that tax owed is less than your payments (withholdings plus your recent garishment) then you should get a refund. But it might not be the full amount that you paid. You have to prepare the forms and see what happens.
If you also never filed federal tax returns, the same issue will come up with them sooner or later.
To file a state tax return in turbotax, you first need to prepare a federal return, then the information flows to the state return. If you already filed federal, then print the state returns and mail them in (use separate envelopes for each year and use a mail service that has tracking and proof of delivery.) If you didn;t file federal for those years, you can do that now too.
For 2016, you can use Turbotax online if you prefer. For 2015, 2014 and 2013, you'll need to buy turbotax as a downloadable installer and install it on your own computer. You can do this from the turbotax.com home page, scroll to the bottom and look for "prior year products".
*Answers are correct to the best of my ability at the time of posting but do not constitute legal or tax advice.*
